Causative Have
Form
have + object + verb 3 past participle - have something done
have + object + infinitive - have someone do something
have + object + infinitive - have someone do something
1.
We use causative when arranging for
someone to do something for us.
o They had
their car repaired.
They arranged for someone to repair it
They arranged for someone to repair it
o They repaired
their car.
They did it themselves
They did it themselves
o I had my
hair cut yesterday.
I went to the hairdresser
I went to the hairdresser
o I cut my hair
yesterday.
I cut it myself
I cut it myself
2.
We use causative when someone does
something to us.
o Bill had his
money stolen.
3.
We can use have someone do something to
talk about giving instructions or orders (more common in American English).
o I had my
assistant type the report.
o I'll have my
lawyer look into it.
Present Prefect
Pengertian
Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja
yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aksi atau situasi yang telah dimulai
di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu
atau masih berlanjut sampai sekarang.
Rumus Present
Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense dibentuk dengan auxiliary
verb “have” atau “has”, dan past
participle (verb-3). Have digunakan untuk I, you, they, we,
sedangkan has untuk he, she, it,
dan orang ketiga tunggal. Sedangkan past participle dapat berupa regular
atau irregular verb.
Dengan demikian rumus present perfect
tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif
adalah sebagai berikut.
|
Kalimat
|
Rumus
|
Contoh Present Perfect Tense
|
|
positif
(+) |
S + aux.
verb(have/has) + V-3/past participle
|
I have read
|
|
He has left
|
||
|
negatif
(-) |
S + aux.
verb(have/has) + not + V-3/past participle
|
I have not
read
|
|
He hasn’t
left
|
||
|
interogatif
(?) |
aux.
verb(have/has) + S + V-3/past participle
|
Have I read
|
|
Has he left
|
Contoh Kalimat
Present Perfect Tense
Beberapa contoh kalimat present perfect
tense dengan fungsi-fungsinya adalah sebagai berikut.
|
Fungsi
|
Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect
Tense
|
|
Present
perfect tense untuk
mengungkapkan kejadian di masa lalu tanpa peduli kapan tepatnya terjadi.
|
Can you
recommend the most delicious seafood restaurant in this town? Yes, I’ve
visited all of them.
(Dapatkah kamu merekomendasikan restoran seafood paling lezat di kota ini? Ya, saya telah mengunjungi semuanya.) |
|
I’ve read
this book.
(Saya sudah membaca buku ini.) |
|
|
Present
perfect tense untuk
menunjukkan bahwa suatu aksi terjadi berulang kali dimasa lampau (adverb
of number dapat digunakan).
|
She has
called you three times.
(Dia sudah meneleponmu tiga kali.) |
|
Present
perfect tense untuk
mengungkapkan aktivitas atau situasi yang dimulai pada masa lampau kemudian
dilanjutkan sampai sekarang (belum selesai).
|
I have
lived in Cilegon for 3
months.
(Saya telah tinggal di Cilegon selama 3 bulan.) |
|
She has
studied in French since April.
(Saya telah sekolah di Perancis sejak bulan April.) |
|
|
My brother has
worked already/lately/
up to now.
(Saudaraku sudah bekerja sampai sekarang.) |
|
|
Present
perfect tense untuk
membicarakan event yang baru saja terjadi (adverb “just” dapat
digunakan).
|
I’ve
just sent you an email.
(Saya baru saja mengirimkan kamu email.) |
|
The rain’s
just stopped.
(Hujan baru saja berhenti.) [the rain's = the rain has; lihat contraction & apostrophe] |
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